Health

Have you ever been snuggling your dog, gotten a kiss from them, and thought… “Oof, that smells terrible”?

Listen, we’ve all been there. Dogs have notoriously nasty breath. However, did you know that this normalized stink could actually be a sign of some pretty serious dental disease.

That’s right—dogs can suffer from dental disease too! If you aren’t regularly cleaning your dog’s teeth, there’s every chance their bad breath is an avoidable occurrence.

It’s not just bad breath you need to worry about, either. There’s plenty of reasons to look into dog dental cleaning. Let’s go over everything you need to know!

Do Dogs Actually Need Dental Cleaning?

A lot of people are skeptical about whether dog dental cleaning is actually necessary or not. So, does your dog need dental care?

The short answer? Yes. The long answer? Absolutely yes—and here’s why:

Dogs require maintenance to keep their teeth healthy the same way humans do. And while they don’t require it as frequently as we do, it’s still a vital part of their care!

Without consistent dental care, dogs can suffer all kinds of problems that can affect their overall health. One of the most common is bad breath.

It’s easy to dismiss the idea of putting the extra time and money into dental care for your dog—after all, what’s a little bad breath? (“Dog breath” is a term for a reason, right?)

Unfortunately, the problems don’t stop there. Health issues resulting from poor dog dental care can be as minor as bad breath and as severe as heart disease.

If you want to start getting your dog the dental care they need, but you’re nervous about high vet bills, don’t worry—there are plenty of things you can do at home to preserve your dog’s dental health!

Best Dental Tools for Dogs

The absolute easiest way to introduce dog dental care into your pet’s routine is to use a water additive.

This tool will offer the least amount of disruption in your and your pet’s day to day life.

Instead of a chew that your dog may or may not enjoy, or wrestling them down to brush their teeth, a water additive is as simple as can be.

All you have to do is add the recommended amount to your pet’s water, and…done! Their teeth are now protected from plaque!

Think of it as a doggy mouthwash. (And a kitty mouthwash, too—this additive works for all your furry family members!)

It also assists with bad breath and sore gums.

Of course, this isn’t the most thorough, detailed clean you can offer your dog. The absolute best way to go about dog dental care is to brush their teeth yourself.

There are plenty of doggy toothbrushes to choose from. Many are designed to lie against your finger so you can better navigate the nooks and crannies of your dog’s mouth.

If you’re hoping for a happy medium between the water additive and the toothbrush—or just want something else to boost your dog dental care regimen—you can invest in dog dental care treats!

These treats should be used sparingly…once a day, maximum. However, if you’re not eager to attempt actual brushing, or your dog won’t cooperate, these are a great alternative. They’re also a good way to supplement the water additive if you choose to go that route.

If you find your pet is uncooperative with your attempts to give them the dog dental care they need, you can always take them to the vet to discuss your options!

If the treats you choose don’t seem to be enticing your pooch, don’t worry—there are several different types of treats on the market. There are different types depending on your dog’s size, different flavors depending on their preferences, and more.

If your pet’s not a fan of peanut butter (but…what dog isn’t?), try something more meaty, like bacon or beef!

And, while it might not be a favorite flavor of most dogs…if you can get your pup to munch on a mint-flavored treat, their breath will improve considerably!

Training Dogs for Easy Dental Cleaning

Training a dog to do absolutely anything requires positive reinforcement in spades.

This is the exact same when it comes to dog dental cleaning!

One of the best ways to train your dog for easy dental cleaning is to sit down with a bag of treats, your chosen doggy toothbrush, and plenty of patience.

Take them through the process slowly, step by step, rewarding them each time they accept another step in the toothbrushing process without reacting poorly.

If the dog tries to bite or scratch, take a moment to reset, then try again.

It might take several tries—maybe even several sessions—before your dog is ready for the actual dental cleaning. That’s all right! It will eventually click, and once it does, the whole process will be much simpler for both you and your dog.

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Now, if you have a particularly nervous dog, this process can look a little different. You might even be better off allowing a vet to handle the dental cleaning in this case. Here’s what you can do if you have a nervous dog in need of dental cleaning…

How to Handle Dog Dental Cleaning for a Nervous Dog

Most dogs aren’t incredibly fond of having their teeth messed with. However, nervous dogs are especially likely to have negative reactions to any attempts to manually brush their teeth.

Even if your dog is not typically a biter, they may react out of fear or discomfort if you try to brush their teeth without any kind of conditioning or training.

Firstly, if you choose to go to the vet for your dog dental cleaning, make sure you let them know if your dog is anxious or reactive. It’s best for them to know ahead of time.

It’s possible that they may sedate your dog to complete their dental cleaning, particularly if they’re prone to reactive behavior. It’s safer for both your dog and the vet that way!

If you choose to handle the dog dental care yourself, a combination of water additive and treats might be best.

However, if you’re dead-set on brushing your dog’s teeth for optimal dog dental care, there are some things you can do to make it easier on both you and your nervous dog!

One good way to keep your dog from getting too stressed is to give them a break from cleaning every few minutes. If your dog starts to get agitated during the process of cleaning their teeth, back off and let them have a moment to calm down.

If you have a dog who’s “medium-sized” or smaller, you can employ a technique used by vets in their dental cleaning procedures: you can actually swaddle your dog!

By wrapping your dog up in a towel or blanket, you not only reduce the risk of them scratching you or wriggling away, but the swaddling has a similar affect on dogs that it does on babies. It can help them feel more secure.

Negative Impact of Poor Dog Dental Cleaning

As mentioned previously, there are several health detriments that can come along with poor dog dental cleaning.

Bad breath is the most common, along with gum diseases such as gingivitis and general tooth decay.

However, left untreated, poor dog dental health can lead to worse health problems. Most notably, untreated dental disease can cause heart infections or even mouth cancer.

It can feel at first like you’re taking on plenty of vet bills—or bills from shopping for dental tools—when you don’t really need to. After all, your dog seems fine right now. Why not wait until there’s a problem?

It’s always, always better to cut the problem off at the root, so to speak. By preventing more innocuous dental problems early on, you can keep your dog protected from far more severe health conditions down the road.

Vets are expensive. It’s a big commitment if you choose to take your dog to them for dental cleaning. However, this is the one way you’ll know for sure your dog’s teeth are in the hands of professionals…and if they end up suffering more severe health problems, those vet bills will only skyrocket much higher.

Dental Cleaning for Older Dogs

As your dog advances in age, dog dental care becomes even more crucial. An older dog is even more vulnerable to dental diseases and other health problems, so it’s important to keep up with their dental care.

If you have your vet handle your dog dental care, don’t delay when it’s time to take them in!

Keep a careful eye on your dog as they advance in age. Start checking their mouth thoroughly once every couple days, and make sure you’re monitoring their appetite.

A reduced appetite in older dogs can have many causes, but one common cause is dental issues. Often, if you can resolve whatever is causing your dog tooth pain, they’ll get their appetite back quickly!

Of course, older dogs will naturally have more sensitive teeth, regardless of how well you care for them. If your dog seems reluctant to eat even after checking for dental issues, try softening their food with some water or offering them canned food!

FAQs

Can I use any toothpaste for my dog?

While this is more common an assumption than you might think, the answer is no. Human toothpaste is toxic to dogs and cats—and pretty much any animal!

Stick to dental products made specifically for pets, including toothbrushes!

What should I look for when checking my dog’s teeth?

Keep an eye out for built-up plaque and tartar on your dog’s teeth. Also watch out for red or swollen gums, loose teeth, any sign of tooth decay (such as discolored spots near the gums or a reluctance to eat), or any sign of pus or growths in your dog’s mouth.

Protect Your Pooch’s Pearly Whites!

Once you’ve mastered whatever method of dog dental cleaning you choose to utilize, you can rest easy knowing your dog’s teeth are protected from damage!

For more tips on caring for your fur baby, visit our Dog Health blog post series!

Dog hydrotherapy is a new method in canine physical therapy, offering numerous benefits for our furry friends.

This form of physical therapy utilizes the properties of water, such as buoyancy, viscosity, and resistance, to help rehabilitate, exercise, and provide relief for dogs with various health conditions.

It has been recognized for its potential to improve muscle strength, mobility, and pain management in dogs, making it an attractive alternative therapy option for many pet owners. Read on to learn all about the health benefits it could have for your furbaby.

Benefits of Dog Hydrotherapy

1. Joint and Muscle Health

Canine hydrotherapy offers a weightless environment, allowing dogs to exercise without putting stress on their joints. This is particularly useful for dogs suffering from arthritis and other joint conditions.

The warm water used in hydrotherapy sessions can also help relax tight muscles and alleviate pain. It provides buoyancy, which reduces stress on joints, as well as hydrostatic pressure that helps with swelling in joints and tissues.

2. Mobility and Recovery

Hydrotherapy for dogs can greatly enhance mobility and recovery after an injury or surgery. The controlled swimming exercises allow dogs to regain muscle strength, range of motion, and flexibility while in a safe environment.

Rehabilitation efforts can be optimized through aquatic therapy, as it promotes circulation, decreases inflammation, and reduces stress on the affected body parts. For dogs with neurological conditions or paralysis, hydrotherapy can improve balance and coordination, paving the way to a better quality of life.

3. Weight Loss and Fitness

Overweight dogs can benefit from hydrotherapy sessions, as they provide a low-impact exercise that is easy on their joints. The buoyancy of the water helps support their body weight while they exercise, reducing stress on their joints and muscles.

This form of water therapy can improve cardiovascular fitness and boost stamina, endurance, and energy levels in dogs. As muscles become stronger and more conditioned through hydrotherapy, the potential for weight loss and increased muscle mass becomes more achievable.

Types of Dog Hydrotherapy

Underwater Treadmill Therapy

Underwater treadmill therapy is a popular and effective form of hydrotherapy for dogs. In this method, a dog walks on a treadmill inside a tank that is filled with warm water. The water level is adjusted to suit the individual dog's needs, providing buoyancy and resistance while they exercise.

This form of therapy is particularly beneficial for dogs recovering from surgery or dealing with inflammation, as the warm water helps reduce swelling and decreases pain.

A certified hydrotherapist or a veterinarian usually supervises underwater treadmill sessions to ensure the dog's safety and effective rehabilitation.

The buoyancy of the water supports the dog's weight, allowing them to use their limbs without unnecessary stress on their joints and tissues. Underwater treadmills can aid in improving muscle strength, increasing range of motion, and promoting healing in dogs.

Swimming Pool Therapy

Swimming pool therapy involves dogs swimming in specially designed pools for canine rehabilitation. The pets are often encouraged to swim by utilizing toys or the guiding presence of a certified hydrotherapist.

As an all-encompassing workout, swimming provides low-impact resistance that helps to strengthen muscles, improve circulation, and enhance overall conditioning. The warm water temperature in swimming pool therapy is advantageous for reducing inflammation and swelling in the joints.

Additionally, this form of hydrotherapy helps relieve mental stress by soothing and calming the dog's nervous system.

Whirlpool Therapy

Whirlpool therapy is another type of hydrotherapy for dogs, which combines the benefits of warm water with targeted water jets. These jets generate a massaging effect on the dog's body, aiding in reducing tension, alleviating pain, and improving circulation.

In whirlpool therapy, a dog is submerged in a specially designed whirlpool tank, where a certified hydrotherapist or veterinarian closely monitors them. The water jets can be adjusted to focus on specific areas of the body, providing targeted relief and treatment for various conditions.

Due to the massage-like nature of whirlpool therapy, it is excellent for addressing muscle tightness, reducing stress, and promoting relaxation in dogs.

While all these types of dog hydrotherapy offer numerous benefits and can be highly effective in aiding canine rehabilitation, it is crucial to consult with a veterinarian or a certified hydrotherapist to determine the most suitable method for each individual dog.

This approach ensures that the chosen hydrotherapy treatment aligns with the dog's specific health needs and goals, providing the best possible outcome for their overall well-being.

Conditions Treated With Hydrotherapy

Hydrotherapy is a versatile form of rehabilitation therapy for dogs that can address a wide range of health conditions and injuries. The buoyancy of the water helps reduce stress and discomfort on injured or disabled body parts, making it an ideal treatment option for various issues.

Arthritis

One common condition treated with hydrotherapy is arthritis, where the warm water promotes circulation, reduces muscle stiffness, and alleviates pain. Hydrotherapy can also improve mobility for dogs with hip dysplasia and elbow dysplasia, as the low-impact aquatic exercises allow for increased joint flexibility and muscle strength.

Injuries

In cases of injury or post-surgical recovery, hydrotherapy can aid in the healing process by providing support and gentle resistance, encouraging gradual muscle re-education and restoration of normal gait.

This treatment plan may be especially beneficial for dogs recovering from spinal or neurological conditions, as it helps improve balance, coordination, and muscle mass in affected areas.

Heart Health

Cardiovascular fitness is another essential aspect of canine health that can be addressed through hydrotherapy. The warm water temperature and hydrostatic pressure help to increase blood flow, thereby improving the dog's stamina, endurance, and overall energy levels.

This form of therapy is also useful for athletic dogs looking to maintain their agility and coordination in a low-impact environment.

Professional Involvement

Working With a Veterinarian

In the field of dog hydrotherapy, it is crucial to involve a professional veterinarian who specializes in canine rehabilitation. The veterinarian plays an essential role in assessing the dog's physical condition and determining the most appropriate hydrotherapy treatment for the animal.

This ensures that the rehabilitation process is safe and effective for the canine patient.

A rehabilitation veterinarian will first examine the dog, considering factors such as age, health conditions, and injuries. Based on this evaluation, the veterinarian prescribes the hydrotherapy program tailored to the dog's specific needs.

Regular communication between the veterinarian and the hydrotherapist is necessary to monitor progress and adjust the treatment plan accordingly.

Certified Hydrotherapists

To guarantee the highest level of care for the canine patients, it is equally important to work with a certified hydrotherapist. A certified hydrotherapist is a professional who has undergone specialized training in canine rehabilitation and received a recognized certification.

These hydrotherapists possess the skills and knowledge to effectively guide dogs through hydrotherapy exercises while closely observing the animals' behavior and response to the treatment.

Certified hydrotherapists collaborate with the rehabilitation veterinarian to implement the prescribed hydrotherapy plan. They safely execute the exercises, monitor the dog's progress, and report back to the veterinarian.

By working together, the veterinarian and hydrotherapist form a strong professional team, ensuring the most beneficial and successful outcomes for the dog's rehabilitation journey.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the benefits of hydrotherapy for dogs?

Hydrotherapy offers a range of benefits for dogs, including improving muscle strength, joint mobility, circulation, and overall physical conditioning.

The buoyancy, viscosity, and resistance of water provide a low-impact, therapeutic exercise environment, which can also help in pain management and recovery from injuries or surgeries.

How often should a dog undergo hydrotherapy treatments?

The frequency of hydrotherapy sessions depends on the dog's specific health conditions, goals, and endurance level. It is essential to consult with a certified canine hydrotherapy professional or a veterinarian to formulate a tailored treatment plan for your dog.

How can I provide hydrotherapy at home for my dog?

Providing hydrotherapy at home requires appropriate equipment, such as a hydrotherapy pool or an underwater treadmill, as well as knowledge on proper techniques and exercise routines. Research to ensure you're providing the appropriate exercises and review safety measures to prevent injury.

What types of exercises are involved in dog hydrotherapy?

Dog hydrotherapy exercises vary depending on the dog's needs and the type of hydrotherapy being used. Typical exercises include swimming, walking or trotting on an underwater treadmill, and targeted range-of-motion exercises, often involving toys or treats to encourage movement.

Are there certifications for dog hydrotherapy professionals?

Yes, many organizations offer certifications for hydrotherapy professionals, ensuring they have the necessary skills and knowledge to provide safe and effective treatments. Examples include the Canine Hydrotherapy Association (CHA) and the International Association of Animal Massage & Bodywork (IAAMB).

Where can I find a hydrotherapy pool for dogs to purchase?

Hydrotherapy pools for dogs are available through various sources, such as specialized retailers and online marketplaces. These pools come in different sizes and configurations to suit your dog's needs and your available space.

Research the options and consult with a professional if needed to ensure you purchase the appropriate equipment for your dog's hydrotherapy needs.

Wrapping up Dog Hydrotherapy

Hydrotherapy may be the best treatment your furbaby can receive for his or her specific needs. However, as with any therapy, there may be precautions and risks involved. So consult with a veterinary professional for proper guidance and involvement with canine hydrotherapy.

Check out our Dog Exercise section for more tips to keep your pet healthy and happy!

Choosing the best dog insurance for your dog can be a daunting task, given the numerous options available in the market. With the cost of veterinary care on the rise, pet insurance has become increasingly popular among dog owners, offering financial protection in case of accidents or illnesses and for routine care.

This article aims to present an unbiased and knowledgeable overview of the top dog insurance providers so you can make an informed decision. In the following sections, we will explore some top-rated pet insurance companies, their key features, and what sets them apart for providing the best protection and peace of mind for dog owners.

Types of Dog Insurance Plans

It's essential to understand the factors that contribute to choosing the right plan for your furry friend. As each dog has unique needs and budget considerations, pet owners must weigh factors such as coverage scope, deductible choices, waiting periods, and reimbursement rates, among others.

Each pet insurance provider will have unique nuances to their plans, but there are still three basic plan types that most providers have their own version of. We’ll take a look at the top pet insurance companies in a moemnt, but first, let’s look at these basic plan types.

Accident and Illness Plan

An accident and illness plan is the most comprehensive type of pet insurance, covering both all the worst case scenearios. In this plan, pet owners can expect coverage for:

• Accidents: Injuries sustained from accidents, such as fractures, bites, lacerations, and ingestion of foreign objects.
• Illnesses: Sudden and chronic illnesses such as allergies, diabetes, cancer, and heart disease.

These plans usually allow pet owners to choose their deductible, co-insurance, and maximum payout limits. Take some time to review the policy documents to understand the coverage and exclusions.

Accident-Only Plan

An Accident-Only Plan, as the name suggests, provides coverage for accidents but not illnesses. This type of plan is suitable for pet owners who are looking for a more budget-friendly option. Coverage in this plan includes:

• Accidents: Injuries sustained from accidents, such as fractures, bites, lacerations, and ingestion of foreign objects.

With this type of plan, your pet will be covered when something external happens, such as hit-by-car event or an attack by another animal. But internal emergencies, such as developing cancer or diabetes, are not covered.

Wellness Plan

Wellness plans, also known as preventive care plans, focus on maintaining the overall health and well-being of the pets. These plans provide coverage for routine care and non-emergency services. The scope of coverage in a wellness plan includes:

• Routine care: Vaccinations, flea/tick prevention, annual check-ups, dental cleanings, and spaying/neutering.

It is important to note that wellness plans are generally not standalone policies and are often offered as an add-on to the main pet insurance policy or alongside an accident and illness plan or an accident-only plan.

Top Dog Insurance Companies

Pets Best

Pets Best offers comprehensive dog insurance plans, with options for both accident and illness coverage. They have flexible annual coverage limits, deductibles, and reimbursement levels, making it easy to customize a plan for your pet's needs.

Their coverage is straightforward, and they have a quick claims process to get pet owners reimbursed as soon as possible.

Trupanion

Trupanion provides reliable dog insurance with a focus on simple, comprehensive, and customizable coverage.

With a 90% reimbursement rate and no payout limits, Trupanion ensures that pet owners don't have to compromise on their dog's health care. They also offer optional coverage for therapy and alternative treatments, as well as dental care.

Embrace

Embrace Pet Insurance offers two types of plans: accident-only and an accident and illness plan. After a $100 annual deductible, the accident-only plan covers 90% of veterinary expenses.

Embrace stands out for its generous benefits and discounts, including a 10% multi-pet discount and a 24/7 helpline for pet health-related concerns.

ASPCA

ASPCA Pet Insurance is known for its short waiting periods and customizable coverage options. They offer accident-only and accident and illness plans with options for additional wellness coverage.

ASPCA has a variety of annual limits, deductibles, and reimbursement percentages to satisfy the needs of different pet owners.

Nationwide

Nationwide Pet Insurance offers both basic and comprehensive dog insurance plans, with coverage for accidents, illnesses, and chronic conditions.

They also offer reimbursement for alternative and behavioral treatments. Nationwide has a reputation for dependable coverage and a range of flexible options to fit a variety of financial and pet care needs.

Healthy Paws

Healthy Paws is a popular choice for dog insurance because of its straightforward coverage and quick claim processing.

They offer one simple accident and illness plan with no annual or per-incident limits. Healthy Paws has a customer-friendly approach, with unlimited payout options and annual deductible choices.

Figo

Figo Pet Insurance is known for its highly customizable coverage options and 100% reimbursement rate, making it a great choice for pet owners who want maximum control over their dog's insurance.

They offer flexible deductibles and annual limits, as well as additional coverage for vet exam fees and alternative therapies. Figo's easy-to-use app makes managing your dog's coverage and claims simple and convenient.

Understanding Restrictions and Exclusions

Pre-Existing Conditions

Pre-existing conditions are medical issues your dog had before the start of the insurance policy. Pet insurance companies typically don't cover these conditions to prevent fraud and maintain affordability.

It's crucial to understand your chosen insurer's definition of pre-existing conditions, as some companies may not include conditions that have been cured or have had no symptoms for a specified time period.

Hereditary Conditions

Hereditary conditions are health issues passed down through a dog's genes. Examples include hip dysplasia, heart disease, and certain types of cancer.

Some pet insurance policies may exclude hereditary conditions, especially for breeds known to have specific genetic health problems. However, other policies may offer coverage for hereditary conditions, usually at an additional cost or with a specific cap on reimbursement.

Congenital Conditions

Congenital conditions are present at birth but not always hereditary. These can include heart defects, cleft palate, or limb deformities.

While some pet insurance policies exclude congenital conditions altogether, others may cover them with certain limitations on coverage amounts or only if they manifest and are diagnosed after a specified waiting period.

Waiting Periods

A waiting period is a set time frame during which new insurance policyholders are not eligible for coverage or reimbursement for certain conditions or events.

The waiting period varies depending on the insurer and type of coverage. Accidents may have a waiting period as short as a few days, while illnesses or other conditions could have a longer waiting period, sometimes up to six months. Check your policy's fine print to determine the exact waiting periods that apply to your specific plan.

In summary, it's essential to read and understand the restrictions and exclusions outlined in your pet insurance policy to avoid surprises when submitting a claim. Pre-existing, hereditary, and congenital conditions can impact coverage availability, and waiting periods can delay when you're eligible for reimbursement.

Cost of Dog Insurance

Premiums

The cost of dog insurance can vary significantly based on factors such as breed, age, location, and coverage options. On average, the monthly premium for dog insurance is $42 across the top pet insurance companies.

However, for the same pet, location, and insurance plan, quotes can vary by more than $65 across companies. If you live in an area with expensive veterinary costs or have an injury-prone dog, you can expect your monthly rate to be closer to $90 than $25.

Reimbursement Rates

Reimbursement rates affect the amount you receive from the pet insurance company when you make a claim. Most insurance providers offer a range of reimbursement choices, such as 70%, 80%, or 90%.

Higher reimbursement rates may result in higher premiums, but they can also significantly reduce your out-of-pocket expenses when it comes to costly medical treatments.

Annual Limits

Annual limits are another important factor to consider when comparing dog insurance policies. These limits represent the maximum amount an insurance company will pay for covered veterinary expenses within a policy year.

Many pet insurance plans offer a range of annual coverage limits, from $5,000 to unlimited. Choosing a higher annual limit will likely increase your premiums but can provide financial protection in case of a major illness or accident.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I choose the best pet insurance?

When choosing the best pet insurance for your dog, consider factors such as the range of coverage options, policy features, and the reputation of the insurance provider.

How much should you spend on pet insurance for your dog?

The cost of pet insurance for your dog will vary depending on factors such as breed, age, location, and coverage level. Monthly premiums can range from $10 to over $100. It's essential to consider your dog's specific needs and budget when determining how much to spend on pet insurance.

Is pet insurance worth it?

Whether pet insurance is worth it depends on your dog's health, your financial situation, and your peace of mind.

Pet insurance can help cover unexpected costs from accidents, illnesses, and chronic conditions, potentially saving pet owners thousands of dollars. Consider your pet's medical history and your ability to afford out-of-pocket expenses when deciding if pet insurance is right for you.

What pet insurance can you use right away?

Some pet insurance providers offer policies with minimal or no waiting periods, allowing you to use the coverage immediately after enrollment.

However, keep in mind that pre-existing conditions are often excluded from coverage, and some insurers may still require waiting periods for specific illnesses or accidents. Be sure to read the policy terms and conditions to understand when your coverage begins.

Wrapping up the Best Dog Insurance

By considering a variety of pet insurance options, you can find a suitable plan to ensure your furbaby receives the best possible care with the least amount of financial strain for you. Save money on your dog's dental work by checking out this post on the Importance of Dog Dental Cleaning for Oral Health.